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<?php
/**
 * CakePHP(tm) : Rapid Development Framework (http://cakephp.org)
 * Copyright (c) Cake Software Foundation, Inc. (http://cakefoundation.org)
 *
 * Licensed under The MIT License
 * For full copyright and license information, please see the LICENSE.txt
 * Redistributions of files must retain the above copyright notice.
 *
 * @copyright     Copyright (c) Cake Software Foundation, Inc. (http://cakefoundation.org)
 * @link          http://cakephp.org CakePHP(tm) Project
 * @package       Cake.Controller
 * @since         CakePHP(tm) v 0.2.9
 * @license       http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php MIT License
 */

App::uses('CakeResponse', 'Network');
App::uses('ClassRegistry', 'Utility');
App::uses('ComponentCollection', 'Controller');
App::uses('View', 'View');
App::uses('CakeEvent', 'Event');
App::uses('CakeEventListener', 'Event');
App::uses('CakeEventManager', 'Event');

/**
 * Application controller class for organization of business logic.
 * Provides basic functionality, such as rendering views inside layouts,
 * automatic model availability, redirection, callbacks, and more.
 *
 * Controllers should provide a number of 'action' methods. These are public methods on the controller
 * that are not prefixed with a '_' and not part of Controller. Each action serves as an endpoint for
 * performing a specific action on a resource or collection of resources. For example adding or editing a new
 * object, or listing a set of objects.
 *
 * You can access request parameters, using `$this->request`. The request object contains all the POST, GET and FILES
 * that were part of the request.
 *
 * After performing the required actions, controllers are responsible for creating a response. This usually
 * takes the form of a generated View, or possibly a redirection to another controller action. In either case
 * `$this->response` allows you to manipulate all aspects of the response.
 *
 * Controllers are created by Dispatcher based on request parameters and routing. By default controllers and actions
 * use conventional names. For example `/posts/index` maps to `PostsController::index()`. You can re-map URLs
 * using Router::connect().
 *
 * @package       Cake.Controller
 * @property      AclComponent $Acl
 * @property      AuthComponent $Auth
 * @property      CookieComponent $Cookie
 * @property      EmailComponent $Email
 * @property      PaginatorComponent $Paginator
 * @property      RequestHandlerComponent $RequestHandler
 * @property      SecurityComponent $Security
 * @property      SessionComponent $Session
 * @link          http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html
 */
class Controller extends Object implements CakeEventListener {

/**
 * The name of this controller. Controller names are plural, named after the model they manipulate.
 *
 * @var string
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#controller-attributes
 */
        public $name = null;

/**
 * An array containing the class names of models this controller uses.
 *
 * Example: `public $uses = array('Product', 'Post', 'Comment');`
 *
 * Can be set to several values to express different options:
 *
 * - `true` Use the default inflected model name.
 * - `array()` Use only models defined in the parent class.
 * - `false` Use no models at all, do not merge with parent class either.
 * - `array('Post', 'Comment')` Use only the Post and Comment models. Models
 *   Will also be merged with the parent class.
 *
 * The default value is `true`.
 *
 * @var mixed A single name as a string or a list of names as an array.
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#components-helpers-and-uses
 */
        public $uses = true;

/**
 * An array containing the names of helpers this controller uses. The array elements should
 * not contain the "Helper" part of the class name.
 *
 * Example: `public $helpers = array('Html', 'Js', 'Time', 'Ajax');`
 *
 * @var mixed A single name as a string or a list of names as an array.
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#components-helpers-and-uses
 */
        public $helpers = array();

/**
 * An instance of a CakeRequest object that contains information about the current request.
 * This object contains all the information about a request and several methods for reading
 * additional information about the request.
 *
 * @var CakeRequest
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers/request-response.html#cakerequest
 */
        public $request;

/**
 * An instance of a CakeResponse object that contains information about the impending response
 *
 * @var CakeResponse
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers/request-response.html#cakeresponse
 */
        public $response;

/**
 * The class name to use for creating the response object.
 *
 * @var string
 */
        protected $_responseClass = 'CakeResponse';

/**
 * The name of the views subfolder containing views for this controller.
 *
 * @var string
 */
        public $viewPath = null;

/**
 * The name of the layouts subfolder containing layouts for this controller.
 *
 * @var string
 */
        public $layoutPath = null;

/**
 * Contains variables to be handed to the view.
 *
 * @var array
 */
        public $viewVars = array();

/**
 * The name of the view file to render. The name specified
 * is the filename in /app/View/<SubFolder> without the .ctp extension.
 *
 * @var string
 */
        public $view = null;

/**
 * The name of the layout file to render the view inside of. The name specified
 * is the filename of the layout in /app/View/Layouts without the .ctp
 * extension.
 *
 * @var string
 */
        public $layout = 'default';

/**
 * Set to true to automatically render the view
 * after action logic.
 *
 * @var boolean
 */
        public $autoRender = true;

/**
 * Set to true to automatically render the layout around views.
 *
 * @var boolean
 */
        public $autoLayout = true;

/**
 * Instance of ComponentCollection used to handle callbacks.
 *
 * @var ComponentCollection
 */
        public $Components = null;

/**
 * Array containing the names of components this controller uses. Component names
 * should not contain the "Component" portion of the class name.
 *
 * Example: `public $components = array('Session', 'RequestHandler', 'Acl');`
 *
 * @var array
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers/components.html
 */
        public $components = array('Session');

/**
 * The name of the View class this controller sends output to.
 *
 * @var string
 */
        public $viewClass = 'View';

/**
 * Instance of the View created during rendering. Won't be set until after
 * Controller::render() is called.
 *
 * @var View
 */
        public $View;

/**
 * File extension for view templates. Defaults to CakePHP's conventional ".ctp".
 *
 * @var string
 */
        public $ext = '.ctp';

/**
 * Automatically set to the name of a plugin.
 *
 * @var string
 */
        public $plugin = null;

/**
 * Used to define methods a controller that will be cached. To cache a
 * single action, the value is set to an array containing keys that match
 * action names and values that denote cache expiration times (in seconds).
 *
 * Example:
 *
 * {{{
 * public $cacheAction = array(
 *              'view/23/' => 21600,
 *              'recalled/' => 86400
 *      );
 * }}}
 *
 * $cacheAction can also be set to a strtotime() compatible string. This
 * marks all the actions in the controller for view caching.
 *
 * @var mixed
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-libraries/helpers/cache.html#additional-configuration-options
 */
        public $cacheAction = false;

/**
 * Holds all params passed and named.
 *
 * @var mixed
 */
        public $passedArgs = array();

/**
 * Triggers Scaffolding
 *
 * @var mixed
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers/scaffolding.html
 */
        public $scaffold = false;

/**
 * Holds current methods of the controller. This is a list of all the methods reachable
 * via URL. Modifying this array, will allow you to change which methods can be reached.
 *
 * @var array
 */
        public $methods = array();

/**
 * This controller's primary model class name, the Inflector::singularize()'ed version of
 * the controller's $name property.
 *
 * Example: For a controller named 'Comments', the modelClass would be 'Comment'
 *
 * @var string
 */
        public $modelClass = null;

/**
 * This controller's model key name, an underscored version of the controller's $modelClass property.
 *
 * Example: For a controller named 'ArticleComments', the modelKey would be 'article_comment'
 *
 * @var string
 */
        public $modelKey = null;

/**
 * Holds any validation errors produced by the last call of the validateErrors() method/
 *
 * @var array Validation errors, or false if none
 */
        public $validationErrors = null;

/**
 * The class name of the parent class you wish to merge with.
 * Typically this is AppController, but you may wish to merge vars with a different
 * parent class.
 *
 * @var string
 */
        protected $_mergeParent = 'AppController';

/**
 * Instance of the CakeEventManager this controller is using
 * to dispatch inner events.
 *
 * @var CakeEventManager
 */
        protected $_eventManager = null;

/**
 * Constructor.
 *
 * @param CakeRequest $request Request object for this controller. Can be null for testing,
 *  but expect that features that use the request parameters will not work.
 * @param CakeResponse $response Response object for this controller.
 */
        public function __construct($request = null, $response = null) {
                if ($this->name === null) {
                        $this->name = substr(get_class($this), 0, -10);
                }

                if (!$this->viewPath) {
                        $this->viewPath = $this->name;
                }

                $this->modelClass = Inflector::singularize($this->name);
                $this->modelKey = Inflector::underscore($this->modelClass);
                $this->Components = new ComponentCollection();

                $childMethods = get_class_methods($this);
                $parentMethods = get_class_methods('Controller');

                $this->methods = array_diff($childMethods, $parentMethods);

                if ($request instanceof CakeRequest) {
                        $this->setRequest($request);
                }
                if ($response instanceof CakeResponse) {
                        $this->response = $response;
                }
                parent::__construct();
        }

/**
 * Provides backwards compatibility to avoid problems with empty and isset to alias properties.
 * Lazy loads models using the loadModel() method if declared in $uses
 *
 * @param string $name
 * @return boolean
 */
        public function __isset($name) {
                switch ($name) {
                        case 'base':
                        case 'here':
                        case 'webroot':
                        case 'data':
                        case 'action':
                        case 'params':
                                return true;
                }

                if (is_array($this->uses)) {
                        foreach ($this->uses as $modelClass) {
                                list($plugin, $class) = pluginSplit($modelClass, true);
                                if ($name === $class) {
                                        return $this->loadModel($modelClass);
                                }
                        }
                }

                if ($name === $this->modelClass) {
                        list($plugin, $class) = pluginSplit($name, true);
                        if (!$plugin) {
                                $plugin = $this->plugin ? $this->plugin . '.' : null;
                        }
                        return $this->loadModel($plugin . $this->modelClass);
                }

                return false;
        }

/**
 * Provides backwards compatibility access to the request object properties.
 * Also provides the params alias.
 *
 * @param string $name The name of the requested value
 * @return mixed The requested value for valid variables/aliases else null
 */
        public function __get($name) {
                switch ($name) {
                        case 'base':
                        case 'here':
                        case 'webroot':
                        case 'data':
                                return $this->request->{$name};
                        case 'action':
                                return isset($this->request->params['action']) ? $this->request->params['action'] : '';
                        case 'params':
                                return $this->request;
                        case 'paginate':
                                return $this->Components->load('Paginator')->settings;
                }

                if (isset($this->{$name})) {
                        return $this->{$name};
                }

                return null;
        }

/**
 * Provides backwards compatibility access for setting values to the request object.
 *
 * @param string $name
 * @param mixed $value
 * @return void
 */
        public function __set($name, $value) {
                switch ($name) {
                        case 'base':
                        case 'here':
                        case 'webroot':
                        case 'data':
                                $this->request->{$name} = $value;
                                return;
                        case 'action':
                                $this->request->params['action'] = $value;
                                return;
                        case 'params':
                                $this->request->params = $value;
                                return;
                        case 'paginate':
                                $this->Components->load('Paginator')->settings = $value;
                                return;
                }
                $this->{$name} = $value;
        }

/**
 * Sets the request objects and configures a number of controller properties
 * based on the contents of the request. The properties that get set are
 *
 * - $this->request - To the $request parameter
 * - $this->plugin - To the $request->params['plugin']
 * - $this->view - To the $request->params['action']
 * - $this->autoLayout - To the false if $request->params['bare']; is set.
 * - $this->autoRender - To false if $request->params['return'] == 1
 * - $this->passedArgs - The the combined results of params['named'] and params['pass]
 *
 * @param CakeRequest $request
 * @return void
 */
        public function setRequest(CakeRequest $request) {
                $this->request = $request;
                $this->plugin = isset($request->params['plugin']) ? Inflector::camelize($request->params['plugin']) : null;
                $this->view = isset($request->params['action']) ? $request->params['action'] : null;
                if (isset($request->params['pass']) && isset($request->params['named'])) {
                        $this->passedArgs = array_merge($request->params['pass'], $request->params['named']);
                }

                if (!empty($request->params['return']) && $request->params['return'] == 1) {
                        $this->autoRender = false;
                }
                if (!empty($request->params['bare'])) {
                        $this->autoLayout = false;
                }
        }

/**
 * Dispatches the controller action. Checks that the action
 * exists and isn't private.
 *
 * @param CakeRequest $request
 * @return mixed The resulting response.
 * @throws PrivateActionException When actions are not public or prefixed by _
 * @throws MissingActionException When actions are not defined and scaffolding is
 *    not enabled.
 */
        public function invokeAction(CakeRequest $request) {
                try {
                        $method = new ReflectionMethod($this, $request->params['action']);

                        if ($this->_isPrivateAction($method, $request)) {
                                throw new PrivateActionException(array(
                                        'controller' => $this->name . "Controller",
                                        'action' => $request->params['action']
                                ));
                        }
                        return $method->invokeArgs($this, $request->params['pass']);

                } catch (ReflectionException $e) {
                        if ($this->scaffold !== false) {
                                return $this->_getScaffold($request);
                        }
                        throw new MissingActionException(array(
                                'controller' => $this->name . "Controller",
                                'action' => $request->params['action']
                        ));
                }
        }

/**
 * Check if the request's action is marked as private, with an underscore,
 * or if the request is attempting to directly accessing a prefixed action.
 *
 * @param ReflectionMethod $method The method to be invoked.
 * @param CakeRequest $request The request to check.
 * @return boolean
 */
        protected function _isPrivateAction(ReflectionMethod $method, CakeRequest $request) {
                $privateAction = (
                        $method->name[0] === '_' ||
                        !$method->isPublic() ||
                        !in_array($method->name, $this->methods)
                );
                $prefixes = Router::prefixes();

                if (!$privateAction && !empty($prefixes)) {
                        if (empty($request->params['prefix']) && strpos($request->params['action'], '_') > 0) {
                                list($prefix) = explode('_', $request->params['action']);
                                $privateAction = in_array($prefix, $prefixes);
                        }
                }
                return $privateAction;
        }

/**
 * Returns a scaffold object to use for dynamically scaffolded controllers.
 *
 * @param CakeRequest $request
 * @return Scaffold
 */
        protected function _getScaffold(CakeRequest $request) {
                return new Scaffold($this, $request);
        }

/**
 * Merge components, helpers, and uses vars from
 * Controller::$_mergeParent and PluginAppController.
 *
 * @return void
 */
        protected function _mergeControllerVars() {
                $pluginController = $pluginDot = null;
                $mergeParent = is_subclass_of($this, $this->_mergeParent);
                $pluginVars = array();
                $appVars = array();

                if (!empty($this->plugin)) {
                        $pluginController = $this->plugin . 'AppController';
                        if (!is_subclass_of($this, $pluginController)) {
                                $pluginController = null;
                        }
                        $pluginDot = $this->plugin . '.';
                }

                if ($pluginController) {
                        $merge = array('components', 'helpers');
                        $this->_mergeVars($merge, $pluginController);
                }

                if ($mergeParent || !empty($pluginController)) {
                        $appVars = get_class_vars($this->_mergeParent);
                        $merge = array('components', 'helpers');
                        $this->_mergeVars($merge, $this->_mergeParent, true);
                }

                if ($this->uses === null) {
                        $this->uses = false;
                }
                if ($this->uses === true) {
                        $this->uses = array($pluginDot . $this->modelClass);
                }
                if (isset($appVars['uses']) && $appVars['uses'] === $this->uses) {
                        array_unshift($this->uses, $pluginDot . $this->modelClass);
                }
                if ($pluginController) {
                        $pluginVars = get_class_vars($pluginController);
                }
                if ($this->uses !== false) {
                        $this->_mergeUses($pluginVars);
                        $this->_mergeUses($appVars);
                } else {
                        $this->uses = array();
                        $this->modelClass = '';
                }
        }

/**
 * Helper method for merging the $uses property together.
 *
 * Merges the elements not already in $this->uses into
 * $this->uses.
 *
 * @param array $merge The data to merge in.
 * @return void
 */
        protected function _mergeUses($merge) {
                if (!isset($merge['uses'])) {
                        return;
                }
                if ($merge['uses'] === true) {
                        return;
                }
                $this->uses = array_merge(
                        $this->uses,
                        array_diff($merge['uses'], $this->uses)
                );
        }

/**
 * Returns a list of all events that will fire in the controller during it's lifecycle.
 * You can override this function to add you own listener callbacks
 *
 * @return array
 */
        public function implementedEvents() {
                return array(
                        'Controller.initialize' => 'beforeFilter',
                        'Controller.beforeRender' => 'beforeRender',
                        'Controller.beforeRedirect' => array('callable' => 'beforeRedirect', 'passParams' => true),
                        'Controller.shutdown' => 'afterFilter'
                );
        }

/**
 * Loads Model classes based on the uses property
 * see Controller::loadModel(); for more info.
 * Loads Components and prepares them for initialization.
 *
 * @return mixed true if models found and instance created.
 * @see Controller::loadModel()
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#Controller::constructClasses
 * @throws MissingModelException
 */
        public function constructClasses() {
                $this->_mergeControllerVars();
                if ($this->uses) {
                        $this->uses = (array)$this->uses;
                        list(, $this->modelClass) = pluginSplit(reset($this->uses));
                }
                $this->Components->init($this);
                return true;
        }

/**
 * Returns the CakeEventManager manager instance that is handling any callbacks.
 * You can use this instance to register any new listeners or callbacks to the
 * controller events, or create your own events and trigger them at will.
 *
 * @return CakeEventManager
 */
        public function getEventManager() {
                if (empty($this->_eventManager)) {
                        $this->_eventManager = new CakeEventManager();
                        $this->_eventManager->attach($this->Components);
                        $this->_eventManager->attach($this);
                }
                return $this->_eventManager;
        }

/**
 * Perform the startup process for this controller.
 * Fire the Components and Controller callbacks in the correct order.
 *
 * - Initializes components, which fires their `initialize` callback
 * - Calls the controller `beforeFilter`.
 * - triggers Component `startup` methods.
 *
 * @return void
 */
        public function startupProcess() {
                $this->getEventManager()->dispatch(new CakeEvent('Controller.initialize', $this));
                $this->getEventManager()->dispatch(new CakeEvent('Controller.startup', $this));
        }

/**
 * Perform the various shutdown processes for this controller.
 * Fire the Components and Controller callbacks in the correct order.
 *
 * - triggers the component `shutdown` callback.
 * - calls the Controller's `afterFilter` method.
 *
 * @return void
 */
        public function shutdownProcess() {
                $this->getEventManager()->dispatch(new CakeEvent('Controller.shutdown', $this));
        }

/**
 * Queries & sets valid HTTP response codes & messages.
 *
 * @param integer|array $code If $code is an integer, then the corresponding code/message is
 *        returned if it exists, null if it does not exist. If $code is an array,
 *        then the 'code' and 'message' keys of each nested array are added to the default
 *        HTTP codes. Example:
 *
 *        httpCodes(404); // returns array(404 => 'Not Found')
 *
 *        httpCodes(array(
 *            701 => 'Unicorn Moved',
 *            800 => 'Unexpected Minotaur'
 *        )); // sets these new values, and returns true
 *
 * @return array Associative array of the HTTP codes as keys, and the message
 *    strings as values, or null of the given $code does not exist.
 * @deprecated Since 2.4. Will be removed in 3.0. Use CakeResponse::httpCodes().
 */
        public function httpCodes($code = null) {
                return $this->response->httpCodes($code);
        }

/**
 * Loads and instantiates models required by this controller.
 * If the model is non existent, it will throw a missing database table error, as CakePHP generates
 * dynamic models for the time being.
 *
 * @param string $modelClass Name of model class to load
 * @param integer|string $id Initial ID the instanced model class should have
 * @return boolean True if the model was found
 * @throws MissingModelException if the model class cannot be found.
 */
        public function loadModel($modelClass = null, $id = null) {
                if ($modelClass === null) {
                        $modelClass = $this->modelClass;
                }

                $this->uses = ($this->uses) ? (array)$this->uses : array();
                if (!in_array($modelClass, $this->uses, true)) {
                        $this->uses[] = $modelClass;
                }

                list($plugin, $modelClass) = pluginSplit($modelClass, true);

                $this->{$modelClass} = ClassRegistry::init(array(
                        'class' => $plugin . $modelClass, 'alias' => $modelClass, 'id' => $id
                ));
                if (!$this->{$modelClass}) {
                        throw new MissingModelException($modelClass);
                }
                return true;
        }

/**
 * Redirects to given $url, after turning off $this->autoRender.
 * Script execution is halted after the redirect.
 *
 * @param string|array $url A string or array-based URL pointing to another location within the app,
 *     or an absolute URL
 * @param integer $status Optional HTTP status code (eg: 404)
 * @param boolean $exit If true, exit() will be called after the redirect
 * @return void
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#Controller::redirect
 */
        public function redirect($url, $status = null, $exit = true) {
                $this->autoRender = false;

                if (is_array($status)) {
                        extract($status, EXTR_OVERWRITE);
                }
                $event = new CakeEvent('Controller.beforeRedirect', $this, array($url, $status, $exit));

                list($event->break, $event->breakOn, $event->collectReturn) = array(true, false, true);
                $this->getEventManager()->dispatch($event);

                if ($event->isStopped()) {
                        return;
                }
                $response = $event->result;
                extract($this->_parseBeforeRedirect($response, $url, $status, $exit), EXTR_OVERWRITE);

                if ($url !== null) {
                        $this->response->header('Location', Router::url($url, true));
                }

                if (is_string($status)) {
                        $codes = array_flip($this->response->httpCodes());
                        if (isset($codes[$status])) {
                                $status = $codes[$status];
                        }
                }

                if ($status) {
                        $this->response->statusCode($status);
                }

                if ($exit) {
                        $this->response->send();
                        $this->_stop();
                }
        }

/**
 * Parse beforeRedirect Response
 *
 * @param mixed $response Response from beforeRedirect callback
 * @param string|array $url The same value of beforeRedirect
 * @param integer $status The same value of beforeRedirect
 * @param boolean $exit The same value of beforeRedirect
 * @return array Array with keys url, status and exit
 */
        protected function _parseBeforeRedirect($response, $url, $status, $exit) {
                if (is_array($response) && array_key_exists(0, $response)) {
                        foreach ($response as $resp) {
                                if (is_array($resp) && isset($resp['url'])) {
                                        extract($resp, EXTR_OVERWRITE);
                                } elseif ($resp !== null) {
                                        $url = $resp;
                                }
                        }
                } elseif (is_array($response)) {
                        extract($response, EXTR_OVERWRITE);
                }
                return compact('url', 'status', 'exit');
        }

/**
 * Convenience and object wrapper method for CakeResponse::header().
 *
 * @param string $status The header message that is being set.
 * @return void
 * @deprecated Will be removed in 3.0. Use CakeResponse::header().
 */
        public function header($status) {
                $this->response->header($status);
        }

/**
 * Saves a variable for use inside a view template.
 *
 * @param string|array $one A string or an array of data.
 * @param string|array $two Value in case $one is a string (which then works as the key).
 *   Unused if $one is an associative array, otherwise serves as the values to $one's keys.
 * @return void
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#interacting-with-views
 */
        public function set($one, $two = null) {
                if (is_array($one)) {
                        if (is_array($two)) {
                                $data = array_combine($one, $two);
                        } else {
                                $data = $one;
                        }
                } else {
                        $data = array($one => $two);
                }
                $this->viewVars = $data + $this->viewVars;
        }

/**
 * Internally redirects one action to another. Does not perform another HTTP request unlike Controller::redirect()
 *
 * Examples:
 *
 * {{{
 * setAction('another_action');
 * setAction('action_with_parameters', $parameter1);
 * }}}
 *
 * @param string $action The new action to be 'redirected' to.
 *   Any other parameters passed to this method will be passed as parameters to the new action.
 * @return mixed Returns the return value of the called action
 */
        public function setAction($action) {
                $this->request->params['action'] = $action;
                $this->view = $action;
                $args = func_get_args();
                unset($args[0]);
                return call_user_func_array(array(&$this, $action), $args);
        }

/**
 * Returns number of errors in a submitted FORM.
 *
 * @return integer Number of errors
 */
        public function validate() {
                $args = func_get_args();
                $errors = call_user_func_array(array(&$this, 'validateErrors'), $args);

                if ($errors === false) {
                        return 0;
                }
                return count($errors);
        }

/**
 * Validates models passed by parameters. Example:
 *
 * `$errors = $this->validateErrors($this->Article, $this->User);`
 *
 * @param mixed A list of models as a variable argument
 * @return array Validation errors, or false if none
 */
        public function validateErrors() {
                $objects = func_get_args();

                if (empty($objects)) {
                        return false;
                }

                $errors = array();
                foreach ($objects as $object) {
                        if (isset($this->{$object->alias})) {
                                $object = $this->{$object->alias};
                        }
                        $object->set($object->data);
                        $errors = array_merge($errors, $object->invalidFields());
                }

                return $this->validationErrors = (!empty($errors) ? $errors : false);
        }

/**
 * Instantiates the correct view class, hands it its data, and uses it to render the view output.
 *
 * @param string $view View to use for rendering
 * @param string $layout Layout to use
 * @return CakeResponse A response object containing the rendered view.
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#Controller::render
 */
        public function render($view = null, $layout = null) {
                $event = new CakeEvent('Controller.beforeRender', $this);
                $this->getEventManager()->dispatch($event);
                if ($event->isStopped()) {
                        $this->autoRender = false;
                        return $this->response;
                }

                if (!empty($this->uses) && is_array($this->uses)) {
                        foreach ($this->uses as $model) {
                                list($plugin, $className) = pluginSplit($model);
                                $this->request->params['models'][$className] = compact('plugin', 'className');
                        }
                }

                $this->View = $this->_getViewObject();

                $models = ClassRegistry::keys();
                foreach ($models as $currentModel) {
                        $currentObject = ClassRegistry::getObject($currentModel);
                        if ($currentObject instanceof Model) {
                                $className = get_class($currentObject);
                                list($plugin) = pluginSplit(App::location($className));
                                $this->request->params['models'][$currentObject->alias] = compact('plugin', 'className');
                                $this->View->validationErrors[$currentObject->alias] =& $currentObject->validationErrors;
                        }
                }

                $this->autoRender = false;
                $this->response->body($this->View->render($view, $layout));
                return $this->response;
        }

/**
 * Returns the referring URL for this request.
 *
 * @param string $default Default URL to use if HTTP_REFERER cannot be read from headers
 * @param boolean $local If true, restrict referring URLs to local server
 * @return string Referring URL
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#Controller::referer
 */
        public function referer($default = null, $local = false) {
                if (!$this->request) {
                        return '/';
                }

                $referer = $this->request->referer($local);
                if ($referer === '/' && $default) {
                        return Router::url($default, true);
                }
                return $referer;
        }

/**
 * Forces the user's browser not to cache the results of the current request.
 *
 * @return void
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#Controller::disableCache
 * @deprecated Will be removed in 3.0. Use CakeResponse::disableCache().
 */
        public function disableCache() {
                $this->response->disableCache();
        }

/**
 * Shows a message to the user for $pause seconds, then redirects to $url.
 * Uses flash.ctp as the default layout for the message.
 * Does not work if the current debug level is higher than 0.
 *
 * @param string $message Message to display to the user
 * @param string|array $url Relative string or array-based URL to redirect to after the time expires
 * @param integer $pause Time to show the message
 * @param string $layout Layout you want to use, defaults to 'flash'
 * @return void
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#Controller::flash
 * @deprecated Will be removed in 3.0. Use Session::setFlash().
 */
        public function flash($message, $url, $pause = 1, $layout = 'flash') {
                $this->autoRender = false;
                $this->set('url', Router::url($url));
                $this->set('message', $message);
                $this->set('pause', $pause);
                $this->set('page_title', $message);
                $this->render(false, $layout);
        }

/**
 * Converts POST'ed form data to a model conditions array, suitable for use in a Model::find() call.
 *
 * @param array $data POST'ed data organized by model and field
 * @param string|array $op A string containing an SQL comparison operator, or an array matching operators
 *        to fields
 * @param string $bool SQL boolean operator: AND, OR, XOR, etc.
 * @param boolean $exclusive If true, and $op is an array, fields not included in $op will not be
 *        included in the returned conditions
 * @return array An array of model conditions
 * @deprecated Will be removed in 3.0.
 */
        public function postConditions($data = array(), $op = null, $bool = 'AND', $exclusive = false) {
                if (!is_array($data) || empty($data)) {
                        if (!empty($this->request->data)) {
                                $data = $this->request->data;
                        } else {
                                return null;
                        }
                }
                $cond = array();

                if ($op === null) {
                        $op = '';
                }

                $arrayOp = is_array($op);
                foreach ($data as $model => $fields) {
                        foreach ($fields as $field => $value) {
                                $key = $model . '.' . $field;
                                $fieldOp = $op;
                                if ($arrayOp) {
                                        if (array_key_exists($key, $op)) {
                                                $fieldOp = $op[$key];
                                        } elseif (array_key_exists($field, $op)) {
                                                $fieldOp = $op[$field];
                                        } else {
                                                $fieldOp = false;
                                        }
                                }
                                if ($exclusive && $fieldOp === false) {
                                        continue;
                                }
                                $fieldOp = strtoupper(trim($fieldOp));
                                if ($fieldOp === 'LIKE') {
                                        $key = $key . ' LIKE';
                                        $value = '%' . $value . '%';
                                } elseif ($fieldOp && $fieldOp !== '=') {
                                        $key = $key . ' ' . $fieldOp;
                                }
                                $cond[$key] = $value;
                        }
                }
                if ($bool && strtoupper($bool) !== 'AND') {
                        $cond = array($bool => $cond);
                }
                return $cond;
        }

/**
 * Handles automatic pagination of model records.
 *
 * @param Model|string $object Model to paginate (e.g: model instance, or 'Model', or 'Model.InnerModel')
 * @param string|array $scope Conditions to use while paginating
 * @param array $whitelist List of allowed options for paging
 * @return array Model query results
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#Controller::paginate
 * @deprecated Will be removed in 3.0. Use PaginatorComponent instead.
 */
        public function paginate($object = null, $scope = array(), $whitelist = array()) {
                return $this->Components->load('Paginator', $this->paginate)->paginate($object, $scope, $whitelist);
        }

/**
 * Called before the controller action. You can use this method to configure and customize components
 * or perform logic that needs to happen before each controller action.
 *
 * @return void
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#request-life-cycle-callbacks
 */
        public function beforeFilter() {
        }

/**
 * Called after the controller action is run, but before the view is rendered. You can use this method
 * to perform logic or set view variables that are required on every request.
 *
 * @return void
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#request-life-cycle-callbacks
 */
        public function beforeRender() {
        }

/**
 * The beforeRedirect method is invoked when the controller's redirect method is called but before any
 * further action.
 *
 * If this method returns false the controller will not continue on to redirect the request.
 * The $url, $status and $exit variables have same meaning as for the controller's method. You can also
 * return a string which will be interpreted as the URL to redirect to or return associative array with
 * key 'url' and optionally 'status' and 'exit'.
 *
 * @param string|array $url A string or array-based URL pointing to another location within the app,
 *     or an absolute URL
 * @param integer $status Optional HTTP status code (eg: 404)
 * @param boolean $exit If true, exit() will be called after the redirect
 * @return mixed
 *   false to stop redirection event,
 *   string controllers a new redirection URL or
 *   array with the keys url, status and exit to be used by the redirect method.
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#request-life-cycle-callbacks
 */
        public function beforeRedirect($url, $status = null, $exit = true) {
        }

/**
 * Called after the controller action is run and rendered.
 *
 * @return void
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#request-life-cycle-callbacks
 */
        public function afterFilter() {
        }

/**
 * This method should be overridden in child classes.
 *
 * @param string $method name of method called example index, edit, etc.
 * @return boolean Success
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#callbacks
 */
        public function beforeScaffold($method) {
                return true;
        }

/**
 * Alias to beforeScaffold()
 *
 * @param string $method
 * @return boolean
 * @see Controller::beforeScaffold()
 * @deprecated Will be removed in 3.0.
 */
        protected function _beforeScaffold($method) {
                return $this->beforeScaffold($method);
        }

/**
 * This method should be overridden in child classes.
 *
 * @param string $method name of method called either edit or update.
 * @return boolean Success
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#callbacks
 */
        public function afterScaffoldSave($method) {
                return true;
        }

/**
 * Alias to afterScaffoldSave()
 *
 * @param string $method
 * @return boolean
 * @see Controller::afterScaffoldSave()
 * @deprecated Will be removed in 3.0.
 */
        protected function _afterScaffoldSave($method) {
                return $this->afterScaffoldSave($method);
        }

/**
 * This method should be overridden in child classes.
 *
 * @param string $method name of method called either edit or update.
 * @return boolean Success
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#callbacks
 */
        public function afterScaffoldSaveError($method) {
                return true;
        }

/**
 * Alias to afterScaffoldSaveError()
 *
 * @param string $method
 * @return boolean
 * @see Controller::afterScaffoldSaveError()
 * @deprecated Will be removed in 3.0.
 */
        protected function _afterScaffoldSaveError($method) {
                return $this->afterScaffoldSaveError($method);
        }

/**
 * This method should be overridden in child classes.
 * If not it will render a scaffold error.
 * Method MUST return true in child classes
 *
 * @param string $method name of method called example index, edit, etc.
 * @return boolean Success
 * @link http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/controllers.html#callbacks
 */
        public function scaffoldError($method) {
                return false;
        }

/**
 * Alias to scaffoldError()
 *
 * @param string $method
 * @return boolean
 * @see Controller::scaffoldError()
 * @deprecated Will be removed in 3.0.
 */
        protected function _scaffoldError($method) {
                return $this->scaffoldError($method);
        }

/**
 * Constructs the view class instance based on the controller property
 *
 * @return View
 */
        protected function _getViewObject() {
                $viewClass = $this->viewClass;
                if ($this->viewClass !== 'View') {
                        list($plugin, $viewClass) = pluginSplit($viewClass, true);
                        $viewClass = $viewClass . 'View';
                        App::uses($viewClass, $plugin . 'View');
                }

                return new $viewClass($this);
        }

}